Earthworm helps in loosening and tilling of soil hence, it is called a farmers friend. They help in decaying organic matter and thus contribute to the formation of humus. Soil Organisms: Soil is the home of many microorganisms like bacteria, fungi etc. The presence of humus is mainly responsible for fertility and the good texture of the soil.ģ. It is a very rich nutrient required by plants. Organic Materials: It is formed by the decomposition of dead plants and animals. Water is absorbed by roots and transported through the stems to be used by plants for their vital functions.Ģ. Rainwater and water used in irrigation seep through the soil. This air helps roots and soil organisms to respire. (b) Air and Water: Soil contains air trapped within it. Different kinds of minerals are found in different types of rocks. (a) Minerals: Minerals such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, etc., are present in rocks from which the soil is formed. Inorganic Materials: The inorganic materials of soil are minerals, water and air. The soil is composed of various types of constituents. It is used to grow major crops such as sugarcane, cotton, wheat, jute, pulses, and oilseeds. The combination of loam soil is clay, sand, and silt.
Loam soil is the best soil that is suitable for agriculture. Alluvial soil, loam soil, red soil, regur (black earth) soil, laterite soil, mountain soil, etc., are a few examples of different types of soil. There are different types of soil in India. Learn Exam Concepts on Embibe Types of Soil The process of soil formation is called Pedogenesis. Soil is the thin surface layer of the earth comprising mineral particles formed by the breakdown (weathering) of rocks, decayed organic materials, living organisms, water, and air. Soil is a very essential natural resource.
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